Facts of the case
- The appellant, who was an accused in a complaint case under sections 192, 193, 196, 200, 420, 406, 467, 468 and 471 of the Penal Code, was granted anticipatory bail by the High Court.
- The bail order was, however, subject to a rather curious condition.The order stipulated that in a partition suit that was pending between the parties, neither the accused nor the informant would use a certain document (a family arrangement-cum-partition deed) as evidence.
- In the complaint it was stated “That accused Dinbandhu has committed an offence of filing a false document on the record of Partition in the Court of Sub-Judge Ist, with the knowledge that the document filed by him is false, containing deletions and additions and therefore it is a sham document which has been filed to mislead the Court purporting it to be a genuine document and has, thereby, affected the suit.
- It was in the case arising from the complaint that the High Court allowed the appellant’s prayer for anticipatory bail but subject to the condition as seen above.
- The appellant later on moved the High Court for relieving him from the condition but the High Court rejected the petition observing that on surrendering before Magistrate the appellant was able to get himself enlarged on bail and only after being released on bail the prayer was made to do away with the condition of the bail.
Judgment
The Hon’ble Supreme Court stated that, “We are clearly of the view that the condition attached by the High Court to the anticipatory bail granted to the appellant is quite bad and illegal and cannot be sustained. It is basic and elementary that the final judge of the genuineness, correctness and validity of a document used as evidence in a suit is the Civil Court. Hence, it is for the court dealing with the partition suit between the parties to examine and test the genuineness of the “Shartnama” produced by the appellant in support of his case. If the Civil Court found it to be actually fraudulent or subjected to interpolation or forgery, it would be open to it to institute proper proceedings against the appellant in terms of Section 340 of the Code of Criminal Procedure. The genuineness and validity of the document can hardly be tested in the complaint case and certainly not at the stage of grant of bail to the accused. Clearly thus, it was not open to the High Court to impose the condition that in the civil suit the parties would not rely upon the document and the condition put by the High Court amounts to pre-judging the issue. In light of the discussion made above, we are satisfied that the condition imposed by the High Court for grant of anticipatory bail to the appellant is quite untenable and we direct that the appellant or for that matter the complainant shall not be bound by that condition.”
The appeal was allowed.
BY: ANKIT RAJPUT